A fuse in an electrical circuit will prevent an overload current to cause damage to the wiring by irreversible switching off the current.
The fuse operates due to the fact that the measure of current passing through the fuse element generates heat in this element caused by the fuses element's internal resistance. The amount of heat produced is proportional with the amount of current passing based on changes in the electrical resistivity and conductivity for a given material, determining the electrical and thermal performance of that material. Because wiring harness cable behaves very similar to a fuse (heating up under operation with increased temperatures for higher current levels), it is important to avoid current levels which would cause cable insulation melting and potential fire hazards. This is achieved by including a fuse in such circuit as the intended weak link, opening the circuit in a controlled manner at a current level suitable for the application, considering all variables and parameters.
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